Abstract
Accurate and real-time water level monitoring is essential for effective management of water resources across households, agriculture, and industrial applications. Traditional monitoring approaches, such as manual gauge readings and float-based sensors, are often labor-intensive, prone to error, and unsuitable for large-scale or high-rise building deployments. This study presents the design and implementation of a real-time water level monitoring system using Internet of Things (IoT) technology integrated with the Django web framework. The system employs an ultrasonic sensor interfaced with an Arduino microcontroller to capture precise distance measurements from the water surface. A Python-based script running on a connected computer reads serial data from the Arduino, processes the raw measurements into percentage-based water levels, and transmits the data to a backend server. The backend stores the information in a relational database and provides RESTful endpoints for a web-based frontend. The frontend offers live water level visualization, historical trend analysis, and automatic alert notifications when water levels surpass or fall below predefined thresholds. Experimental evaluation indicates that the system delivers reliable measurements with an average accuracy of ±1 cm, while alerts are triggered within seconds of threshold violations. The web interface allows remote monitoring from any internet-enabled device, significantly reducing reliance on manual inspections and minimizing risks associated with overflow or dry-run conditions. By combining IoT sensing, real-time data processing, and web-based visualization, the proposed system enhances operational efficiency, improves water resource management, and provides a scalable solution adaptable to residential, commercial, and industrial environments. The results demonstrate the potential of IoT-enabled monitoring for transforming traditional water management practices into intelligent, automated systems capable of timely decision-making.