Create New Publication

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system, specifically targeting CD4+ T cells, which are crucial for fighting infections. Over time, HIV weakens the immune system, making the body vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain cancers. If left untreated, HIV can progress to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), the most advanced stage of HIV infection, typically defined by a CD4 count below 200 cells/mm³ or the presence of specific opportunistic illnesses.

There are two main types: HIV-1, which is more virulent and widespread globally, and HIV-2, primarily found in West Africa and less transmissible. HIV is transmitted through certain bodily fluids—such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk—during activities like unprotected sex, sharing needles, or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. It is not spread through casual contact, saliva, or airborne particles.

While there is no cure, antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively control the virus, allowing people with HIV to live long, healthy lives. With consistent treatment, individuals can achieve an undetectable viral load, meaning they cannot sexually transmit the virus to others (U=U: Undetectable = Untransmittable).

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system, specifically targeting CD4+ T cells, which are crucial for fighting infections. Over time, HIV weakens the immune system, making the body vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain cancers. If left untreated, HIV can progress to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), the most advanced stage of HIV infection, typically defined by a CD4 count below 200 cells/mm³ or the presence of specific opportunistic illnesses.

There are two main types: HIV-1, which is more virulent and widespread globally, and HIV-2, primarily found in West Africa and less transmissible. HIV is transmitted through certain bodily fluids—such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk—during activities like unprotected sex, sharing needles, or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. It is not spread through casual contact, saliva, or airborne particles.

While there is no cure, antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively control the virus, allowing people with HIV to live long, healthy lives. With consistent treatment, individuals can achieve an undetectable viral load, meaning they cannot sexually transmit the virus to others (U=U: Undetectable = Untransmittable).