ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT PROGRAMS IN CHALLENGING GENDER INEQUALITY: A CASE STUDY OF THE CATHOLIC COMMISSION FOR JUSTICE AND PEACE (CCJP) IN LIKUNI, LILONGWE, MALAWI

Women empowerment programs are widely recognized as critical instruments for addressing gender inequality, particularly in developing countries where cultural norms and limited access to resources continue to disadvantage women. This study assessed the effectiveness of women empowerment programs implemented by the Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace (CCJP) in Likuni, Lilongwe, Malawi, in challenging gender inequality and improving women’s socioeconomic status. A mixed-methods research design was adopted, combining quantitative data collected through structured questionnaires with qualitative insights obtained from focus group discussions involving women beneficiaries, CCJP staff, and community leaders. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic interpretation.
The findings indicate that CCJP programs have significantly contributed to increased women’s participation in community decision-making, enhanced awareness of women’s rights, reduced gender-based discrimination, and strengthened women’s confidence and leadership abilities. In addition, the programs have positively influenced women’s socioeconomic conditions through skills development, improved access to financial resources, and increased household income. Most participants reported that the knowledge and skills gained remain useful in their daily lives, suggesting a degree of sustainability of program outcomes. Furthermore, positive changes were visible at the community level, including improved attitudes toward gender equality and greater acceptance of women’s public participation.
Despite these achievements, the study identified several challenges that limit full program effectiveness, including inadequate financial and material resources, difficulties in reaching all vulnerable women, inconsistent post-training follow-up, limited involvement of men and community leaders, and persistent cultural and traditional beliefs that reinforce gender stereotypes. The study concludes that while CCJP’s initiatives have made meaningful progress toward gender equality, sustained impact requires stronger community sensitization, increased stakeholder engagement, enhanced resource mobilization, and continuous monitoring and support mechanisms. These measures are essential to ensure that empowerment efforts translate into long-term, transformative change in gender relations.